Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age. It is characterized by a number of symptoms, including irregular periods, excess hair growth, and acne. PCOS can also lead to infertility and an increased risk of serious health problems, such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease.  

Symptoms of PCOS

The symptoms of PCOS can vary from woman to woman. Some women with PCOS may experience only a few symptoms, while others may experience many. The most common symptoms of PCOS include:

• Irregular periods: Women with PCOS may have irregular periods, meaning that their periods are not regular or they skip periods altogether.
• Excess hair growth: Women with PCOS may experience excess hair growth on the face, chest, back, or abdomen. This is called hirsutism.
• Acne: Women with PCOS may be more likely to develop acne.
• Weight gain: Women with PCOS may be more likely to gain weight, especially around the waist.
• Infertility: PCOS is a leading cause of infertility in women.

Causes of PCOS

The exact cause of PCOS is unknown, but it is thought to be related to a hormonal imbalance. Women with PCOS have higher levels of androgens, which are male hormones. Androgens can interfere with ovulation, the process by which an egg is released from the ovary.

Treatment of PCOS

There is no cure for PCOS, but there are treatments available to manage the symptoms. Treatment options for PCOS may include:

• Birth control pills: Birth control pills can help to regulate periods and reduce androgen levels.
• Anti-androgen medications: Anti-androgen medications can help to reduce excess hair growth and acne.
• Weight loss: Losing even a small amount of weight can help to improve the symptoms of PCOS.
• Fertility treatments: If you are trying to get pregnant, you may need fertility treatments, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF).

Living with PCOS

PCOS can be a challenging condition to live with, but there are things you can do to manage your symptoms and improve your quality of life. These include: 

• Eating a healthy diet: Eating a healthy diet can help you to maintain a healthy weight and manage your blood sugar levels.
• Exercising regularly: Exercise can help you to lose weight and improve your overall health.
• Managing stress: Stress can worsen the symptoms of PCOS. Finding healthy ways to manage stress can help you to feel better.
• Talking to your doctor: Your doctor can help you to manage your PCOS and answer any questions you have about the condition.